Ncig Saib Teb Chaws|Saib xyuas Txoj Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Asmeskas Cov Tsheb Loj los ntawm Super Truck Plan
Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau muab nyiaj tsis tu ncua rau peb theem ntawm "Super Truck", thiab kev koom tes ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Tebchaws Meskas hauv kev txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom muaj keeb kwm ntev. Nrog rau kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm kev koom tes ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Tebchaws Meskas txog kev hloov pauv huab cua, dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev koom tes ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Tebchaws Meskas hauv kev txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom raws li keeb kwm ntawm carbon neutrality?
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm "Super Truck" Program hauv Tebchaws Meskas
Txhawm rau txo qis kev siv roj thiab cov pa roj carbon emissions ntawm Asmeskas cov tsheb thauj khoom, qis kawg - cov nqi siv cov neeg siv, thiab txhim kho lub teb chaws kom zoo dua hauv kev tsim kho tsheb thev naus laus zis, US Department of Energy tau koom ua ke tsim ib qho tseem ceeb technology innovation program, SuperTruck, nyob rau hauv 2010. Qhov kev pab cuam muaj 15 kev lag luam koom tes, suav nrog rau 6 lub tuam txhab tsheb thauj khoom uas suav nrog 99% ntawm kev lag luam tsheb laij teb.
Thawj theem ntawm "SuperTruck I" qhov project, txij xyoo 2010 txog 2016, raug nqi $ 284 lab hauv kev koom tes, nrog rau 1: 1 nyiaj piv ntawm kev lag luam thiab tsoomfwv.
Qhov thib ob theem ntawm 'SuperTruck II' yuav khiav los ntawm 2017 txog 2021, nrog rau kev siv nyiaj ntawm $ 160 lab thiab cov nyiaj pab txhawb nqa sib npaug ntawm cov lag luam thiab tsoomfwv.
SuperTruck III yuav muaj los ntawm 2021 txog 2025, nrog rau tag nrho cov peev nyiaj ntau dua $ 100 lab, tsom mus rau xoom emission hnyav- cov tsheb thauj khoom, hluav taws xob, thiab kev them nqi / refueling infrastructure.
Cov cim tseem ceeb thiab cov hom phiaj ntawm txoj haujlwm super tsheb
SuperTruck I: Tsim thiab ua kom pom kev txhim kho 50% hauv kev thauj khoom zoo piv rau 2009 Theem 8 tsheb laij teb, ua tiav ze li ntawm 10 mais ib nkas loos thiab ua kom lub zog ntawm lub zog ntawm lub tsheb ua qauv qhia txog 50%.
SuperTruck II: Showcasing lub tsheb qauv thauj khoom nrog lub cav nrog lub thermal efficiency ntawm 55%, ua rau lub nkoj thauj khoom ua haujlwm tau zoo los ntawm 100%.
SuperTruck III: Showcasing 400 mile ntshiab hluav taws xob tsheb thauj khoom, megawatt theem them cov chaw, thiab ntau dua.
Kev ua tiav ntawm qhov project super truck
Lub tsheb tsim los ntawm SuperTruck I program yog 8-theem kev sib xyaw tsheb thauj khoom (feem ntau hu ua 18 log tsheb), uas txhim kho cov roj, lub cav, thiab kev sib kis tau zoo ntawm lub tsheb laij teb trailer los ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis. Raws li lub caj qaum ntawm kev thauj mus los hauv tsev, 18 lub tsheb thauj khoom suav nrog 70% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom thauj khoom thauj thiab siv kwv yees li 28 billion nkas loos roj av txhua xyoo, suav txog 22% ntawm tag nrho cov tsheb thauj mus los.
Cov qauv tsim los ntawm Volvo, Daimler, Cummins / Peterbilt, thiab Navistar tau dhau lub hom phiaj ntawm SuperTruck I. Piv nrog rau xyoo 2009 Volvo VNL tsheb laij teb, lub tsheb laij teb tsim tshiab tau txo qhov hnyav los ntawm 3200 phaus, txo kev tiv thaiv los ntawm 40%, thiab txhim kho kev thauj khoom los ntawm 88%. Txoj haujlwm SuperTruck II yuav siv ntau lub tsheb thauj khoom thiab cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj kev ua tau zoo, xws li kev txhim kho lub cav ua haujlwm, kev sib kis tau zoo, kev ua haujlwm huab cua, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub log, thiab lub tsheb hnyav.
Los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem kev sib koom ua ke los xyuas kom meej tias ntau yam khoom siv ntawm lub tsheb ua haujlwm ua ke, tsib txoj haujlwm SuperTruck II xav kom ntau tshaj ob npaug ntawm mais ib nkas loos rau Class 8 tsheb. Pab pawg Cummins SuperTruck II tau ua tiav qhov kev ua haujlwm thermal ntawm 55% los ntawm cov cav nruab nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pov tseg. Piv nrog rau cov qauv tsheb thauj khoom hauv xyoo 2009, Freightliner thawj lub tsheb loj tau ua tiav kev txhim kho tag nrho ntawm kev thauj khoom ntau dua 115% thiab lub cav nres thermal efficiency txhim kho ntau dua 50%.
Freightliner qauv
Ultra siab thermal efficiency hnyav- lub luag hauj lwm tsheb cav optimized nrog waveform optimized coated pistons, turbo composite technology, ntev stroke, ob-theem turbocharging, ntau rail roj txhaj system, Rankine voj voog pov tseg thaum tshav kub kub rov qab, thiab lwm yam technologies.
Tus qauv ntawm ultra-high thermal efficiency engine
Yog vim li cas rau kev ua tiav thiab tshaj qhov hnyav txo lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub teeb yuag (lub hom phiaj thawj zaug yog txo qhov hnyav los ntawm 40%, tab sis qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsheb loj tau txo los ntawm 45%) yog ib feem ntawm kev siv cov txhuas thav duab uas yog 900 phaus sib zog dua li cov khoom qub dhau los. Txawm tias muaj kev sib ntxiv ntawm cov cuab yeej tshiab rau lub tsheb thauj khoom, qhov hnyav tseem raug txo.
Yav Tom Ntej SuperTruck III
Super Truck 3 yuav pab nyiaj hluav taws xob rau cov khoom nruab nrab thiab hnyav - cov tsheb thauj khoom thauj. Kev nqis peev ntxiv yuav txhim kho tsheb kev ua tau zoo thiab nthuav dav cov tsheb hluav taws xob.
Xyoo 2021, US Department of Energy (DOE) tau tshaj tawm ob txoj hauv kev nyiaj txiag tag nrho tshaj $ 100 lab (qee tus hais tias tshaj $ 162 lab) txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm tsheb, tsheb thauj khoom, thiab tawm - tsheb tsheb thiab txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Cov nyiaj no yuav raug siv los txhawb rau theem tom ntej ntawm 'SuperTruck' txoj haujlwm, txhawm rau txhim kho cov tsheb thauj khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab nthuav dav hluav taws xob tsheb (EV) kev tsim kho thiab kev siv zog los txo cov pa tawm ntawm ob qho tib si ntawm txoj kev tsheb thiab tsheb tawm.
US Secretary of Energy Jennifer M. Granholm tau hais tias kev ua kom tiav cov pa roj carbon emissions los ntawm 2050 txhais tau tias nquag txo qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm emissions, uas yog kev thauj mus los. Kev thauj mus los suav txog kwv yees li 30% ntawm tag nrho cov kev xav tau ntawm lub zog hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab tseem yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom. Thawj ob lub tsheb thauj khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Lub Zog tau coj cov chaw tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas ib nrab -trailer lag luam kom ua tiav qhov kev nce siab loj hauv kev siv roj. Cov nyiaj tshiab no yuav txuas ntxiv txhim kho rau ntawm lub hauv paus no, txhawb nqa kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom ntawm txhua qhov ntau thiab tsawg, thaum siv zog los nthuav cov kev pabcuam hluav taws xob tsheb them nyiaj thiab tsim cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsawg.
Txog rau qhov kawg no, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Siv Tsheb (VTO) thiab Lub Chaw Haujlwm Hydrogen thiab Roj Cell Technology (HFTO) ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob (EERE) ntawm US Department of Energy tau koom tes los tshaj tawm SuperTruck 3 nyiaj txiag tshaj tawm (FOA), muab txog li $ 100 lab hauv kev pab nyiaj ntau tshaj plaub xyoos los tshawb nrhiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua }} thiab cov kev ua haujlwm qis dua { tso pa tawm. Cov nyiaj no tsom mus rau ntau txoj hauv kev siv hluav taws xob, xws li hluav taws xob tag nrho, ntsaws- hauv hybrid systems siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, hydrogen thiab roj cell thev naus laus zis, suav nrog cov tswv yim hybrid xws li roj xov tooj ntawm tes txuas ntxiv.
Saib xyuas kev txhim kho thiab kev siv Trends ntawm American Truck los ntawm Evolution of Super Truck Phase 3 Project
Cov tsoos sab hauv combustion xyaw tsom ntau dua rau kev siv hluav taws xob, kev txawj ntse, thiab xoom emission technology. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm thawj ob theem ntawm kev npaj tsheb loj yog tsom rau kev ua haujlwm zoo thermal efficiency ntawm cov roj hluav taws xob sab hauv combustion engines (diesel xyaw), ntxiv los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab hauv lub teeb yuag, aerodynamics, kev sib koom ua ke, thiab lwm yam. Qhov thib peb theem ntawm lub tsheb super tsheb npaj tsom mus rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws, zero emissions, hydrogen zog utilization. infrastructure, txawj tsav tsheb pab thiab lwm yam technologies.
Lub hauv paus ntawm kev koom tes ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Tebchaws Meskas hauv kev lag luam tsheb thauj khoom muaj zog. Txij li thaum xyoo 2009, "Tuam Tshoj US Clean Energy Joint Research Center" tau tsim los ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Nws txoj haujlwm sub yog "Suav Teb Chaws Asmeskas Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Tseem Ceeb rau Kev Txhim Kho Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Nruab Nrab thiab Hnyav Trucks" qhov project, uas yog lub teb chaws tseem ceeb tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho kev pab cuam ntawm Tuam Tshoj US Truck Energy Efficiency Alliance thiab ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb rau tsoomfwv thoob ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis kev koom tes. Tag nrho cov phiaj xwm nyiaj txiag yog ze li ntawm 100 lab yuan. Coj los ntawm zoo-cov tsev kawm qib siab hauv tsev thiab cov thawj coj hauv kev lag luam xws li Weichai Power, Guangxi Yuchai, thiab Tuam Tshoj National Heavy Duty Truck Group, npog tag nrho cov kev lag luam hauv tsev kawm ntawv tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam muaj zog, peb ua tiav Sino US kev tshawb fawb koom tes nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim engineering prototypes thiab ua qauv qhia tsheb, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev lag luam technip. txiav-kev sib tw thev naus laus zis.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau tswj hwm kev coj noj coj ua thoob ntiaj teb hauv lub zog -txuag thiab txo qis emission technologies rau cov tsoos combustion xyaw hauv tsheb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau txuas ntxiv nqis peev hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho cov peev nyiaj hauv hluav taws xob, qis- carbon / xoom carbon fuels, xoom emission tsheb, thiab them nyiaj / hydrogenation infrastructure. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, Tuam Tshoj thiab Tebchaws Meskas tseem yuav siv zog ntxiv rau kev tshawb nrhiav tsheb thauj khoom thiab kev sib koom tes hauv kev siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob hydrogen, thiab kev tsim kho vaj tse.
